Thoughts about Ifiri Ingris by Peter Black

Captain Woodes Rogers—known as the first European to sight Tobi in 1710.

A Narrative of the Shipwreck, Captivity and Sufferings of Horace Holden and Benj. H. Nute, Who Were Cast Away in the American Ship Mentor, on the Pelew Islands, in the Year 1832; and For Two Years Afterwards were Subjected to Unheard of Sufferings Among the Barbarous Inhabitants of Lord North's Island.  Fourth Edition.  Boston:  Russell Shattuck, and Co., 1836.  Appendix and Dialogues.

Horace Holden & his Narrative	As an old man Salem (Oregon) Public Library Historic Photograph Collections
Preface to the Narrative	Table of Contents
Chapter One	Chapter Two
Chapter Three	Chapter Four
Chapter Five	Chapter Six
Chapter Seven	Chapter Eight
Chapter Nine	Chapter Ten

2006 Recordings of Holden's Dialogues    The earliest-known examples of Tobian speech: dialogues in the language of Lord North's Island.

The U.S. Sloop of War Vincennes visited Tobi in December 1835 as part of the Holden episode. Lieutenant Robert Lee-Wright Browning's journal describes the Vincennes visit to Tobi. Peter Black made some notes on Lt. Browning's Notes on the South Sea Islands in the Library of Congress in Washington.   Much later, Louis H. Bolander wrote about the Vincennes.

Hezel, Francis X. 1978. The Role of the Beachcomber in the Carolines. In The Changing Pacific. Neil Gunson, ed. pp. 261-72. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.  Hezel mentions the Mentor, Horace Holden, and Holden's Narrative.

Horatio Hale. 1846.   Tobi, or Lord North's Island.  United States Exploring Expedition, During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, Under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N., Ethnography and Philology.  Philadelphia:  Lea and Blanchard.  Pp. 20.  

Hezel, Francis X. 1979.    Foreign Ships in Micronesia:  A Compendium of Ship Contacts with the Caroline and Marshall Islands 1521-1885.  Saipan, Mariana Islands:   Trust Territory Historic Preservation Office and the U.S. Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service.  Here, we reproduce mention of only those ships that went to the Southwest Islands.   Map of Palau District.

Martin, Kenneth R., ed. 1980. "Naked and A Prisoner": Captain Edward C. Barnard's Narrative of Shipwreck in Palau, 1932-1833. Sharon, MA: Kendall Whaling Museum. Part one, part two, part three.

Meares, John. 1791 Voyages Made in the Years 1788 and 1789 from China to the North-West Coast of America. Reprinted [date unknown]. Bibliotheca Australiana # 22. Amsterdam: Da Capo Press. On March 9 and 10, 1788, the ship Iphigenia under Captain Douglas stopped at what he called Johnstone’s Island and which was probably Tobi. This account briefly describes the island and its people. Here we reproduce only those pages which refer to Tobi.

Wallis, Helen. 1963. Carteret’s Voyage Round the World 1766-1769. Hakluyt Society. Second series. No. 124. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Reports visits to Mapia, called Joseph Freewill Islands by Carteret, and sightings of Helen Reef, called Bad Mens Shoal by Carteret, and Tobi which he called Hummock Island. Here we reproduce only those pages which refer to Helen Reef and Tobi.

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Updated: June 25, 2020